How does sunscreen really work on your skin? We are going to tell you about the different types of photoprotectors and the science behind the ability of sunscreen to keep us relatively protected from the sun's rays.
Types of sunscreens
Sunscreens are divided into two groups based on their main active ingredients:
- MINERAL sunscreens; They reflect or block UVA and UVB rays before they penetrate the skin. Because of their components, they are typically the ones that leave a white layer on the skin, although many of them are formulated today with new additives so that they look more "transparent" or have less of a white cast.
- NON-MINERAL / CHEMICAL sunscreens; These take a different approach to protecting our skin. They are formulated with chemical ingredients such as Homosalate, Octocrylene, Octisalate, and Avobenzone, whose main function is to absorb UV rays by converting them into heat and "sending them back where they came from" (they absorb approximately ~95%+ of UV rays).
Whichever team you are on, make sure your mineral sunscreen is labeled as “broad spectrum” before you buy it.
What does SPF mean?
SPF stands for “Sun Protection Factor” and the number that appears after the acronym is based on the photoprotection levels of the sun product and indicates how long it would take for the sun's UV radiation to redden your skin when using the product exactly as directed compared to the time without using sunscreen. For example, with SPF30, it would take you 30 times longer to burn than if you were not using sunscreen. That is why it is important to apply high-factor sunscreens (considered SPF30 and above).
Is sunscreen safe?
It is proven that using sunscreen is safer for your skin than not using any photoprotector at all. The type of sunscreen that is best for you is a matter of personal preference. Mineral sunscreens tend to be better for those with sensitive skin or skin conditions. Non-mineral sunscreens tend to be lighter, transparent, and easier to use. One thing is certain: both options are better than exposing yourself to the sun without protection.
How often should you reapply sunscreen?
As a general rule, you should reapply sunscreen every two hours if you are active and outdoors. If you spend a lot of time in and out of the water, you should reapply it more frequently. It is important to keep in mind that sweat is water, so if you are active outdoors, pay attention to the water resistance of your sunscreen and reapply as needed.
Do you tan with sunscreen?
A tan is actually your body's reaction to protect itself from the sun's rays. Using sunscreen will allow you to tan, as it will never 100% prevent the rays from coming into contact with your skin, but it will, however, help you avoid burning.
